Gum Disease: No Big Deal--Right? Wrong!
While
many value the benefits of having healthy teeth and do all the right
things to keep their gums in shape, there are those who feel, "Hey,
they're only teeth." The latter, while never volunteering to have their
teeth removed, do not attribute any major importance to them. For
instance, untreated periodontal disease may lower birth weights of
newborns. Now studies find that periodontal (gum) infections may
contribute to the development of heart disease, which is the nation's
number one killer. If that weren't enough, gum infections pose a serious
threat to anyone whose health is already compromised due to diabetes or
respiratory disease.
Let's first talk about how the gums relate
to the heart. If you have a healthy heart, this doesn't pertain to you.
Getting your teeth cleaned or having a gum abscess does matter if you
have a weakened heart valve, as in mitral valve prolapse or aortic
stenosis. Why? Bacteria from the mouth find their way into the
circulatory system. They may be introduced when your teeth are cleaned
or can arise from an infection. In either case, these "circulating"
bacteria are normally gobbled up by the white blood cells before they do
any damage. Should they pass through the body and make it to the heart
unscathed, the chance exists that they will colonize on a weakened valve
and cause a severe problem (bacterial endocarditis). For this reason,
patients with any of the above conditions are suggested to pre-medicate
with antibiotics when receiving dental care.
Researchers
have found that people with periodontal disease are almost twice as
likely to suffer from coronary artery disease as those without it and
that diseased gums released significantly higher levels of bacterial
pro-inflammatory components, such as endotoxins, into the bloodstream in
patients with severe periodontal disease compared to healthy patients.
Circulating bacteria can also impact on coronary artery disease. The
walls of the coronary arteries can thicken due to the build-up of fatty
proteins. Often blood clots form in these narrowed coronary arteries and
normal blood flow activity is obstructed. This depletes the heart of
the nutrients and oxygen it needs to function properly. Scientists now
believe that bacteria found in the oral cavity can attach to these fatty
plaques once they enter the bloodstream. Clinging to the heart walls,
these bacteria may contribute to clot formation.
When it comes to
diabetes, gum disease cannot be ignored. The link between the two has
been well-documented. We have always known that diabetics are prone to
more infections and heal slowly. Now studies find that periodontal
disease may make a pre-existing diabetic condition worse. It has been
shown that diabetics require less insulin once their gum condition has
been treated. Since periodontal disease is a risk factor for the
progression of diabetes, physicians should consider the periodontal
status of their diabetic patients who have difficulty with glycemic
control.
If you are experience any pain, swelling, bleeding or recession of your gums, make an appointment for an oral examination.